Exercise 10

Exercise 10

How clear is the author position?

Passage 5.1

The author’s position is not clear

The author’s position is not clear. As he doesn’t help the readers to recognize his position through a group of questions

5.2

The author’s position is not clear

The author presents a lot of different views and never leads his readers to a private view that show a conclusion for his position

5.3

The author’s position isn’t clear

As there are two different views about building a new sports centre .we have the two sides that for and against the project. No decision that we agree or disagree with the project

Internal consistency

p.5.4

It is inconsistent as the author makes it unfair in the two cases when he declares that drugs are not allowed in sports and make it lawful as a medicine

To be consistent, the writer should be fair and shows that drugs should banned in all cases

5.5

It is consistent

The writer shows a logical interpretation of taking drugs as he said that drugs should be banned, only allowed for individual cases

5.6

It is inconsistent

As the writer first shows the negative sides of reality t v  and how its programs  lack  popularity then he says that all people watch the latest

Reality show.

To be consistent , he should mention the reasons why tv progroms don’t express such reality or offer another choice

5.7

It is inconsistent as the writer says that only 8 percent of the countryside is disappearing and then he says that all the countryside is lost

To be consistent,he should mention why all the 92 percent are disappearing

5.8

It is inconsistent as the writer talks about the explorerer Columbus and how people believed that the earth was flat then he other shapes .He makes the readers embarrassed

To be consistent.he should talk about the courage of Columbus

Logical consistency

5.9

It is inconsistent  as it isn’t logical to live without light for humans, plants and animals

 

5.10

It is inconsistent  as it isn’t necessary to have a rise in accidents if workers don’t have safety

5.11

It is inconsistent as the lower status of some subjects isn’t  a condition for people to get a special job or not.

5.12

This is consistent. it shows a scientific fact as the levels of both rocks compose together into the layers

5.13

It is inconsistent as it isn’t logical that noise pollution increases when there is noise everywhere

5.14

This is inconsistent as computers lack emotions so how they will be better than humans in everything

Independent and joint reasons

5.15

We have joint reasons as all the reasons stand with the rights of young

5.16

We have independent reasons as we have no connection between litter, discoveries and economy

5.17

Independent reasons as lying is one thing not different from one situation to another

 

A message that is not consistent

Young people should join the national service as it is the nation right and laws but some young people don’t join for special reasons if they have serious diseases or disabilities .They can join the service in other ways and never be late for their country rights

 

An argument that isn’t logically consistent

Last five years car accidents increased 50 percent. This means that in the next five years , accident will increase more and more and hundreds of people will be killed or injured

Exercise 9

DQ 6,7,8 AND Activities-Exercise   9

False premises

Example-Pollution disappeared when people leave cities and go the countryside.

-it is not necessary to prevent pollution in this case but it may turn to the countryside

Two wrongs

It is normal for a teacher to beat students as most students are naughty and silly with                their teachers in the classroom

-this means we have two wrongs that as a result of the misbehaviors of silly students,                teachers can beat their students and not to use the other teaching methods

Stereotyping

Example 1 ; All south-American players are talented like Messi

-This means that messi  is a special case and all players are different in all ways.

Example 2 ; All referees for football matches are men

-Now we can see women referees for football matches

Stereotypes

1-Not all girls like pink colors.There are favorites in choices.

2-Not all the pilots are men and stewards should be ladies.

3-British people have different meals and tastes for food not especially roast beef.

4-It is not logical that when someone has a red hair, he would be nervous or have a bad mood.

5-Not all Caribbean play Reggae and all Spanish like flamenco music

6-Most football fans support their teams with good spirit not causing trouble.

7-It is not permanent for students to take their laundry home as they can do the washing manually  .

8-After they retire; they could still be interested in their hobbies as they have the time .

False Premises-Exercise 8

D Q 6-False Premises-Exercise #8

6.13

It is based on sound or logical premise as the usage of oil in war leads to a shortage in the production of petrol and also consumption of petrol increases the prices

6.14

It is based on false premise as getting wet in rain isn’t a logical reason for a cold. Rain is a source growth and never causes diseases and people enjoy working through   rain

6.15

It is based on false premise as people are the source of pollution in cities and if they live in the countryside they will cause pollution through using cars and fumes so the countryside will turn into cities and won’t be a healthy place.

6.16

It is based on false premise since a leading restaurant isn’t based on a good menu but on a good fame that comes from a tasty food, good service and cleanliness.

6.17

It is based on sound premise since Bollywood   is more famous than Hollywood nowadays as Indian movies gain international fame especially in our middle east  even we can see a lot of channels  for only the Indian movies and series  and they are shown with Arabic voices

6.18

It is based on false premise as marriage is never based on calculation and percentages but it is based on fate and relations and what about divorce which occurs besides marriage

6.19

It is based on false premise as people from one country have different attitudes and behaviors .you can’t tell that two persons with the same act and behavior are the same nationality .There are individual differences among people .

6.20

It is based on false premise as digital television will lead to hundreds of channels but it is not a must to have good quality programs .we may have a few channels and have valuable  quality  that comes from the nature of themes discussed and the final aims gained of.

exercise 7

Doing a master in U A E is better than overseas

Why doing master in U.A.E is better than doing it overseas? This is my argument question that I will answer it in the following lines. No doubt that a lot of people travel abroad for doing master but I prefer to do my masters in uae because some logical reasons related with costs, location, multi-cultures and society or family. let‘s see what are the benefits I see about doing me master in uae.

First, the costs are cheap in uae .There is no comparison with high costs in America or Europe. costs of studies are very cheap and universities offer great facilities for students like students visas and students can work to earn a salary or they can apply for their favorite because the visa is transferrable especially in Abu Dhabi or Dubai .I think that everyone dream to work in Dubai. About accommodation, it is cheaper than abroad especially public transport that costs only 2 DHS to get everywhere.

A student can study in the best universities with professional professors with little costs and a chance to get a valuable career.

Secondly, the location of uae is very attractive and it is a destination for all nationalities for the great fame and honored, peaceful life in all emirates. Most Arabs prefer to stay and study in uae for its near location and locals have the chances to stay in their homes and study what they want. Even the locations of the seven emirates are  connected with a very high comfortable chain of public transport with cheap prices .Also the natural location of uae in the Middle East and on the Gulf with the moderate climate in both seasons summer and winter are reasons for staying in the country.

Thirdly, uae is famous for its multi-cultural environment that it is like a world of all nationalities and religions .It is very known all over the world that uae is a land of peace and safety that all people want to stay in the country .it is a chance for scholars to live in a society with great variations of cultures that a student can find easily to cope with others and exchange Knowledge,languge , benefits etc.Even the universities grant experienced professors to students so the students can communicate with different thoughts, opinions and experiences .I think that it is a great opportunity for students to benefit and acquire additional experience beside their studies. We can find different universities related to the multi-cultural country such as The American ,British, Canadian universities in Dubai and Zayed,Khalifa ,Emirates in Abu Dhabi .

Fourthly, uae is our home where we live with our families. we don’t need to travel abroad and leave our families .So it is a pleasure to do my masters beside my family. Even foreigners can establish easily a better life in uae and bring their families to enjoy the good conditions for example one student comes from a poor condition to  Dubai to complete his masters and he could find a job and earn money after he could bring his family and live a better life and stay for a long time in the country.

Finally, after I finish my logical reasons about why doing masters in uae is better than overseas. No one can deny what I mentioned as all the facts are true and of course everyone can be sure of them with his own ways.

Doing a master in U.A.E is not only a way of studies but also a world of differentiation and variety in all aspects and a great experience for a student who comes to live in the country.

exercise 6

Exercise  6

Argument  1

Main argument

The importance of possible risks that could be caused by owning cats for pregnant women or new born babies and people with poor immunity.

Reasons that support the argument

-Cats are hosts of infectious protozoa that cause disease for humans.

-if a pregnant woman is infected, the foetus can be infected by parasites and suffer serious damage.

-Infants may lose eyesight and acquire motor deficits.

-People with poor immune system or AIDS protozoa can cause death.

Conclusion

There is no evidence that cats carry the disease or even no sign for the infected one but we should take care of the risks caused by having pet cats.

exercise 5

Benefits of critical thinking  

An example from my life is when I wanted to buy a new car

And sell my old one .I think how to get the most convenient model following these steps;

1-Improved attention and observation;

When I decided to buy a new car, I got a big experience through my search and observation for choosing my ideal car

2-More focused reading

I started to read a lot in many resources as I read all magazines and newspapers related to used and new cars. Besides I read many sites on the internet and saw the newest photos

3-imprved ability to identify the key points in a text rather than

Becoming distracted by less important material

After search and reading, I found that the new models of cars in 2015 have full options, especially LEXSUS ,INFINITY, RANGE ROVER OR PORCH

4-improved ability to respond to the appropriate in a text

After reading and gathering new important information about the latest model of my best car. I decided to go to the agency to see my car and use it.

5-Knowledge of how to get to your point easily

After having experience of the new models and options .I went to some shops to check the shapes and prices. I   started to compare between models to reach the final decision.

6-Skills to analyze to apply your choices among a variety of situations

After big work and a lot of search, I reached the last choice that I chose LEXSUS as it is a perfect car, containing all the options that I hope and the price was nearly good. 

exercis 4

Seven  barriers  to critical thinking

1-Misunderstanding what is meant by criticism

Some people misunderstand their criticism that it shows their mistakes and carries negative sides.critisicm means showing the negative points about a work or person for positive results to improve or correct the mistakes

2-Lack of methods and strategies

Without a strategy and having a clear system for achieving goals it will be obstacle for your life and study. Critical thinking should have clear strategy for simplifying your ways.

e.g if you have a regular routine in your career or study, you will achieve your goals

3-Lack of practice

Regular experience and practice help you to achieve and join the group or the team for success, without practice it will lead to a loss of achievements

e.g I should train well to follow the school team of soccer

4-Reluctance to criticize high people;

Some normal people find it hard to correct the mistakes of higher people .They are afraid that those people will be angry or punish them

e.g when I discover some mistake for my teacher ,I can’t comment with saying anything so that he is annoyed

5-effective reasons

Difference between people should be based on effective reasons and leave emotions away. Everyone has his own reasons and agree or disagree with others for the best at last

e.g when I disagree with my friend about our soccer teams, as I support Barcelona and he supports Real Madrid , he gets angry

6-Mistaking information for understanding

Receiving the information without arguing how and wherr this information is gotten . it isn’t a good way to absorb information as it is received,

e.g  when a teacher writes homework for students and they take without asking or correcting